The signatories of the Paris Agreement are required to submit new nationally determined contributions (NDCs) by 10 February 2025, laying out targets for 2035. These third generation NDCs – “NDCs 3.0” – are supposed to serve as comprehensive investment and transformation plans and incorporate the findings of the Global Stocktake (GST). The GST was agreed at COP 28 in Dubai to keep the 1.5 degree target within reach. However, hardened fronts between developing and developed countries obstruct the establishment of a progressive coalition to develop ambitious NDCs. Germany and the European Union could inject new life into the NDC 3.0 process by stepping up technical support, promoting diplomatic initiatives and embracing Brazil as a key actor.
About the Author
Ole Adolphsen
Since 2023 Research Associate, Global Issues Division at SWP
2023 Trainee Project „Support for the Implementation of the Paris Agreement“, GIZ
2022-2023 Project Associate Climate and Energy, Polis 180 e.V.
2021-2023 Graduate School, Johns Hopkins University
2019-2020 MSc International Relations, London School of Economics and Political Science
Jule Könneke, M.A.
Since 2023 Associate, SWP
2020-2023 Policy Advisor (2022-2023) and Researcher (2020-2022) Climate Diplomacy, Geopolitics and Security, Third Generation Environmentalism (E3G)
2021-2022 Research Associate, European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)
2017-2021 President (2019-2021) and Board Member (2017-2019) Polis180 e.V.
2019 Project Manager, Polis180 e.V.
Dr. rer. pol. Sonja Thielges
Since 2023 Research Associate, Global Issues Research Division
Since 2022 Group Leader of the interdisciplinary research group “Industrial Decarbonization Strategies”, Research Institute for Sustainability, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS) (until 2023 Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, IASS)
Since 2020 Geoeconomics Non-Resident Fellow, American Institute for Contemporary German Studies (AICGS), Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC
2016 – 2021 Research Associate Global Energy Transition, IASS Potsdam
2019 PhD, John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies, Freie Universität Berlin