Javier López González is a senior trade economist at the Trade and Agriculture Directorate of the OECD. His recent work is focused on digital trade: investigating the potential economic opportunity cost of data localisation policies; developing frameworks for the measurement and analysis of digital trade; creating a typologies of approaches to cross border data regulation; and exploring what market openness means in the 21st century. He has previously worked on the drivers and implications of participation in global value chains, co-authoring papers on: global patterns of supply chain trade; the implications of GVC participation for developing countries; the links between GVC participation and wage inequality; and how SMEs can make the most out of GVC participation. Javier holds a PhD in Economics from the University of Sussex.